mylifenanax.blogg.se - What is the goal of communism

John Goodwyn Barmby is credited with the first use of communism in English, around 1840.

Restif would go on to use the term frequently in his writing and was the first to describe communism as a form of government. In 1793, Restif first used communisme to describe a social order based on egalitarianism and the common ownership of property. One of the first uses of the word in its modern sense is in a letter sent by Victor d'Hupay to Restif de la Bretonne around 1785, in which d'Hupay describes himself as an auteur communiste ("communist author"). Communism came to be primarily associated with Marxism, most specifically embodied in The Communist Manifesto, which proposed a particular type of communism. Prior to becoming associated with its more modern conception of an economic and political organization, it was initially used in designating various social situations. Communism may be interpreted as "the state of being of or for the community" this semantic constitution has led to numerous usages of the word in its evolution. Semantically, communis can be translated to "of or for the community", while isme is a suffix that indicates the abstraction into a state, condition, action, or doctrine.

4.2 Excess deaths under Communist statesĬommunism derives from the French communisme, which developed out of the Latin roots communis and the suffix isme.

3.1.1.3 Socialization versus nationalization.

3.1.1.1 Class conflict and historical materialism.

1.2 Associated usage and Communist states.

Several academics and economists, among other scholars, posit that the Soviet model under which these nominally Communist states in practice operated was not an actual communist economic model in accordance with most accepted definitions of communism as an economic theory but in fact a form of state capitalism, or non-planned administrative-command system. Criticism of communism can be divided into two broad categories, namely that which concerns itself with the practical aspects of 20th century Communist states and that which concerns itself with communist principles and theory. Along with social democracy, communism became the dominant political tendency within the international socialist movement by the 1920s. In the 20th century, Communist governments espousing Marxism–Leninism and its variants came into power in parts of the world, first in the Soviet Union with the Russian Revolution of 1917, and then in portions of Eastern Europe, Asia, and a few other regions after World War II. According to this analysis, revolution would put the working class in power and in turn establish social ownership of the means of production which is the primary element in the transformation of society towards a communist mode of production. The two classes are the proletariat (the working class), who make up the majority of the population within society and must work to survive, and the bourgeoisie (the capitalist class), a small minority who derives profit from employing the working class through private ownership of the means of production.

Communism includes a variety of schools of thought which broadly include Marxism, Leninism, and libertarian communism as well as the political ideologies grouped around both, all of which share the analysis that the current order of society stems from capitalism, its economic system and mode of production, namely that in this system there are two major social classes, the relationship between these two classes is exploitative, and that this situation can only ultimately be resolved through a social revolution. Variants of communism have been developed throughout history, including anarcho-communism and Marxist schools of thought. Communists agree on the withering away of the state but disagree on the means to this end, reflecting a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or Communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist state. Communism is a specific, yet distinct, form of socialism. Communism (from Latin communis, 'common, universal') is a philosophical, social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, namely a socioeconomic order structured upon the ideas of common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money, and the state.